Comparative Study of Numerical Skills of 5th Grade Students Enrolled in Non-Formal Educational Institutions of Basic Education Community Schools (BECS) and National Commission for Human Development (NCHD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.68490/ber.2024.2.529Keywords:
Basic Education Community Schools (BECS), National Commission for Human Development (NCHD), Numerical SkillsAbstract
The purpose for this study was to investigate and compare the numerical skills of fifth grade students signed up for non-formal two types educational institutions of Basic Education Community Schools (BECS) and feeder schools of the National Commission for Human Development (NCHD). The fundamental objective of this study was to research and examine the essential numerical skills of students of the both institution and to analyze the performance of school students. The Quantitative research design with survey method was used based on pilot testing. The study's sample comprised of 84 students currently enrolled of both males and females genders at the fifth grade level from four haphazardly chosen schools of the previously mentioned organizations which are situated in Islamabad capital of Pakistan. The purposive random sampling method was used and collected data from the sample individuals through a self-created achievement test. The findings of the study showed that the students of BECS were more capable and have improved results than the students of the feeder schools of NCHD. The study suggested that the students of both BECS and feeder schools of NCHD may similarly be dealt with. The instructors might be given opportunity and trainings for their continuous professional development. The numerical skills development program might be created in light of the society's necessities as well as on present trends globally.
References
Abdullah, M., Bhuttah, T. M., Mahmood Aasy, M. T., Hassan, M. K., Khalid, M. F., & Zaffar, A. (2022). Role Of Non Formal Basic Education In Promoting Literacy In District Rajanpur. Webology, 19(2).
Aunio, P., & Rasanen, P. (2016). Core numerical skills for learning mathematics in children aged five to eight years–a working model for educators. European early childhood education research journal, 24(5), 684-704.
Badar, F. B., & Mason, J. (2020, November). Numbers are Alarming, Solutions are Scant: Out of School Children in Pakistan. In International Conference on Sustainable Development (pp. 1-16). International Conference on Sustainable Development.
Balkar, B. (2022). An investigation of distance education activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 17(1).
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Farooq, M. S. (2018). Millennium development goals (MDGs) and quality education situation in Pakistan at primary level. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 7(1), 1-23.
Farooq, M. S., Feroze, N., & Kaı, Y. T. (2017). Public vs Private quality education at primary level in Pakistan. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 6(2), 1-23.
Martinez, D. (2020). Educacion formal, no formal y informal. Webgune honetatik berreskuratua: https://www. researchgate. net/profile/Deiby-Sanchez/publication/ 345710193_Educacion_formal_no_formal_y_informal/links/5fab69b2299b f18c5b64bf73/Educacion-formal-no-formal-y-informal. pdf.
Grajcevci, A., & Shala, A. (2016). Formal and non-formal education in the new era. Action Researcher in Education, 7(7), 119-130.
Halai, A., & Durrani, N. (2021). School education system in Pakistan: Expansion, access, and equity. In Handbook of education systems in South Asia (pp. 665-693). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
Hartas, D. (Ed.). (2015). Educational research and inquiry: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Sibieta, L. (2020). 2020 Annual report on. The Institute for Fiscal Studies.
Nasir, M. S., Majeed, A., & Ahsan, M. Q. (2021). Evaluating the Role of National Commission for Human Development and Primary Education in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Utamax: Journal of Ultimate Research and Trends in Education, 3(1), 48-57.
Jafree, S. R. (2023). Literacy, Skill Development, and Social Policy for Women of Pakistan. In Social Policy for Women in Pakistan (pp. 149-179). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
Khan, N. A., & Naseer, N. (2023). Enhancement of Literacy Skills of Adult Learners Through Teleschool Program. International Journal of Distance Education and E-Learning, 8(2), 19-32.
Khan, S., & Niazi, H. K. (2016). Study of universal primary education (UPE) program of National Commission for Human Development (NCHD) in Pakistan to improve primary education in Pakistan. The Dialogue, 11(4), 372-372.
Latchem, C., & Latchem, C. (2018). Open and distance non-formal education (pp. 11-17). Springer Singapore.
Farhat, M. (2024). Exploring Health-Seeking Behaviors and Coping Strategies: A Qualitative Study of Women in Urban Slum Areas of Lahore, Pakistan. Sociological Research And Innovation, 2(1), 02-21.
Mbilu, E. M. (2019). Non-Formal Education and Quality Basic Education for All in Tanzania: A study of the Effectiveness of Non-Formal Education Programs for Children of School-going Age in Korogwe District (Master's thesis).
Mihai, M., Ţiţan, E., & Manea, D. (2015). Education and poverty. Procedia Economics and Finance, 32, 855-860.
Butt, M., & Park, S. (2024). The Influence of Cultural and Social Factors on Education in Pakistan. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 13(2).
Piper, B., Zuilkowski, S. S., & Mugenda, A. (2014). Improving reading outcomes in Kenya: First-year effects of the PRIMR Initiative. International Journal of Educational Development, 37, 11-21.
Tumwine, S. (2020). Non-Formal Adult Education and Community Development: An Assessment Of The Contribution Of An Ngo Implemented Program In Southwestern Uganda (Master's Thesis, University Of Agder).
Affolter, F. W., & Valente, A. A. (2020). Learning for peace: Lessons learned from UNICEF’s peacebuilding, education, and advocacy in conflict-affected context programme. Children and peace: From research to action, 219-239.
Razzaque, A., Chowdhury, M. R., Mustafa, A. G., Mahmood, S. S., Iqbal, M., Hanifi, S. M. A., ... & Reidpath, D. D. (2023). Urban health and demographic surveillance system in slums of Dhaka (North and South) and Gazipur City Corporations, Bangladesh.
Veraksa, A., Balaguer, C., Christiansen, S., & Meaney, T. (2021). Evaluating numeracy apps in different cultural contexts. Sustainable mathematics education in a digitalized world, 247.
Walgermo, B. R., Frijters, J. C., & Solheim, O. J. (2018). Literacy interest and reader self-concept when formal reading instruction begins. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 44, 90-100.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Bulletin of Education and Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
